Pancreatic Fistula Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Clinical Predictors and Patient Outcomes
Table 2
Relationship of measured perioperative variables with the development of a PF in 510 patients who had pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Variable
PF
No. PF
P-value
()
()
Pre-op stent
43% (20)
41% (191)
P = NS
Endoscopic
20% (9)
29% (134)
P = .22
Percutaneous
24% (11)
12% (57)
P = .04
Pre-op transfusion
6% (2)
5% (18)
P = NS
Pre-op TPN
16% (5)
22% (78)
P = NS
Pre-op bowel preparation*
43% (20)
50% (237)
P = .02
Yes
30% (14)
45% (212)
No
13% (6)
5% (25)
Blood loss (median)
1300 mL
1300 mL
P = NS
Transfusions (median)
1 U
1 U
P = NS
Operative time (median)
7 hours
5 hours
Type of resection
P = NS
Pylorus preserving
61% (28)
50% (231)
Classic
39% (18)
50% (233)
Type of anastomosis
Duct-to-mucosa
74% (34)
90% (419)
Invaginated
26% (12)
9% (40)
Other (3)/unknown (2)
0 (0)
1% (5)
Drain type
Penrose
17% (8)
50% (233)
Closed suction
83% (38)
50% (231)
G-tube placement
22% (10)
14% (64)
P = NS
PF: Pancreatic fistula; *Pre-op bowel preparation information was available in only 257 patients. ( ): Total number of patients in each group with defined variable.
