Efficacy of the Synbiotic Supplementation on the Metabolic Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Table 2

Daily dietary intake of participants during the trial (mean ± SD).

Variables		Mean ± SD		value^2	value^3
		Synbiotics (n = 52)	Placebo (n = 56)
Energy (kcal)	Baseline	1963.75 ± 437.99	1903.82 ± 368.23	0.578
	At 12 wk	1443.86 ± 290.36	1526.90 ± 440.42	0.382
	value^1	<0.001	<0.001		0.21
Protein (g)	Baseline	73.27 ± 27.69	70.95 ± 17.95	0.702
	At 12 wk	55.13 ± 24.10	64.10 ± 20.68	0.137
	value^1	0.02	0.11		0.16
Fat (g)	Baseline	80.09 ± 32.18	77.22 ± 24.23	0.703
	At 12 wk	51.74 ± 8.79	54.99 ± 23.43	0.578
	value^1	<0.001	0.001		0.49
Carbohydrate (g)	Baseline	242.38 ± 56.58	237.52 ± 58.43	0.755
	At 12 wk	188.53 ± 50.42	195.78 ± 62.46	0.642
	value^1	<0.001	<0.001		0.36
Glucose (g)	Baseline	54.49 ± 18.28	59.75 ± 19.59	0.308
	At 12 wk	33.70 ± 16.43	35.21 ± 22.73	0.783
	value^1	<0.001	<0.001		0.59

value¹: significance of within-group alterations (paired t-test); value²: significance of between-group alterations (independent t-test); value³: treatment by analysis of covariance (adjusted baseline variable).