The Association of Seasonal Variations and COVID-19 Clinical Features: A Comparative Study on the Fourth and Fifth Waves
Table 2
Baseline characteristics of patients in the 4th and 5th waves of COVID-19.
Characteristics
4th wave (n = 100)
5th wave (n = 90)
value
Age (years)
55.73 ± 15.54
54.14 ± 12.95
0.449
Female gender
44 (44.0%)
30 (33.3%)
0.140
Smoking
10 (10.0%)
22 (24.4%)
0.011
DM
34 (34.0%)
21 (23.3%)
0.112
HTN
32 (32.0%)
30 (33.3%)
0.878
IHD
9 (9.0%)
16 (17.8%)
0.087
CKD
4 (4.0%)
8 (8.9%)
0.234
Hepatobiliary diseases
6 (6.0%)
5 (5.6%)
1.000
Asthma
6 (6.0%)
5 (5.6%)
1.000
Malignancy
2 (2.0%)
2 (2.2%)
1.000
Hypothyroidism
6 (6.0%)
10 (11.1%)
0.296
Values are reported as mean ± SD or number (percentages). Obtained from the chi-square test and the independent sample T-test, where appropriate. DM: diabetes mellitus; HTN: hypertension; IHD: ischemic heart disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease.
