The Association of Seasonal Variations and COVID-19 Clinical Features: A Comparative Study on the Fourth and Fifth Waves
Table 4
Hospital outcomes of patients in the fourth and fifth COVID-19 waves.
Characteristics
4th wave (n = 100)
5th wave (n = 90)
value
Mode of respiratory support
(i) Room air
8 (8.0%)
0 (0.0%)
<0.001
(ii) Nasal cannula
10 (10.0%)
2 (2.2%)
(iii) Simple mask
25 (25.0%)
0 (0.0%)
(iv) Reservoir mask
49 (49.0%)
81 (90.0%)
(v) NIV
2 (2.0%)
6 (6.7%)
(vi) Intubation
6 (6.0%)
1 (1.1%)
(vii) Tracheostomy
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
Hospitalization period (days)
5.00 (3)
7.00 (6)
<0.001
In-hospital deaths
8 (8.0%)
5 (5.6%)
0.575
Values are reported as median (IQR) or number (percentages). Obtained from the Chi-square test, Fischer’s exact test, and the Mann–Whitney test, where appropriate. NIV: noninvasive ventilation.
