Dietary Inflammatory Index in relation to Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Subgroup analysis for the association between dietary inflammatory index and type 2 diabetes.

Subgroup by	Effect sizes (n)	I^2 (%)	P heterogeneity	OR (95% CI)
All studies	55	96.5	≤0.001	1.03 (0.91–1.15)
Study quality
High quality	8	96.8	≤0.001	1.58 (1.15–2.17)
Low quality	47	96.4	≤0.001	0.95 (0.84–1.08)
Sex
Male	7	51.3	0.05	1.01 (0.85–1.19)
Female	10	72.1	≤0.001	0.88 (0.75–1.03)
Both	38	97.3	≤0.001	1.07 (0.92–1.24)
Dietary assessment
24-hour recall	13	94.4	≤0.001	1.05 (0.84–1.31)
7-day dietary record	3	87.5	≤0.001	0.74 (0.36–1.52)
Food frequency questionnaire	37	97.0	≤0.001	1.04 (0.89–1.21)
Dilatory history questionnaire	2	0.0	0.064	1.00 (0.89–1.11)

There was more than 1 effect size for some studies.