International Journal of Clinical Practice

Research Article

The Risk Factors of Self-Management Behavior among Chinese Stroke Patients

Table 5

Characteristics of poor group versus middle-high group (classification data).


Item		Poor	Middle-high	P value

Sex	Female	62	46	0.627^a
Sex	Male	148	98	0.627^a

Working status	Not working/retired	109	76	0.872^a
Working status	Employed	101	68	0.872^a

Educational level	Junior high school and below	144	72	≤0.001^a
Educational level	High school and above	66	72	≤0.001^a

Address	Rural	76	38	0.053^a
Address	City	134	106	0.053^a

Marital status	Not in relationship	24	11	0.241^a
Marital status	In relationship	186	133	0.241^a

Average monthly income of family (RMB)	≤3000	85	46	0.016^a
	3001∼6000	89	55
	>6000	36	43

BMI (kg/m²)	Low weight	5	4	0.504^b
	Normal weight	114	68
	Overweight	75	57
	Obesity	14	14

Payment method of medical expenses	Medical insurance	184	136	0.032^a
Payment method of medical expenses	At one’s own	26	8	0.032^a

Smoking	Yes	36	19	0.348^a
	Never	116	76
	Quit	58	49

Drinking alcohol	Every day	13	11	0.523^a
	Every week	12	6
	Rarely	33	25
	Never	128	78
	Quit	24	24

Hypertension	No	92	54	0.236^a
Hypertension	Yes	118	90	0.236^a

Diabetes	No	152	111	0.320^a
Diabetes	Yes	58	33	0.320^a

Hyperlipidemia	No	126	89	0.733^a
Hyperlipidemia	Yes	84	55	0.733^a

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome	No	197	139	0.253^a
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome	Yes	13	5	0.253^a

Carotid atherosclerosis	No	170	109	0.234^a
Carotid atherosclerosis	Yes	40	35	0.234^a

Atrial fibrillation	No	198	134	0.638^a
Atrial fibrillation	Yes	12	10	0.638^a

Primary caregiver	No	111	69	0.361^a
Primary caregiver	Yes	99	75	0.361^a

Duration, year	<1	109	86	0.146^a
Duration, year	≥1	101	58	0.146^a

Recurrence rate	0	181	117	0.211^a
Recurrence rate	≥1	29	27	0.211^a

Sequela	No	116	89	0.219^a
Sequela	Yes	94	55	0.219^a

Dysphagia	No	203	139	1.000^b
Dysphagia	Yes	7	5	1.000^b

Speech disorders	No	173	125	0.262^a
Speech disorders	Yes	37	19	0.262^a

Sensory dysfunction	No	200	133	0.260^a
Sensory dysfunction	Yes	10	11	0.260^a

Motor dysfunction	No	145	113	0.050^a
Motor dysfunction	Yes	65	31	0.050^a

Cognitive impairment	No	204	137	0.325^a
Cognitive impairment	Yes	6	7	0.325^a

Self-management health education before discharge	No	114	52	≤0.001^a
Self-management health education before discharge	Yes	96	92	≤0.001^a

mRS	0	67	61	0.080^a
	1	105	69
	2	26	10
	3	12	4

BI	Severe dysfunction	1	0	0.429^b
	Moderate dysfunction	3	1
	Mild dysfunction	53	28
	Fully self-care	153	115

SSEQ activities daily living effectiveness	Low self-efficacy	12	5	0.029^a
	Medium self-efficacy	67	30
	High self-efficacy	131	109

SSEQ self-management effectiveness	Low self-efficacy	61	21	≤0.001^a
	Medium self-efficacy	80	45
	High self-efficacy	69	78

Note. BMI: body mass index, low weight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 24.0 kg/m²), and overweight/obesity (BMI ≥24.0 kg/m²). mRS: modified Rankin scale, BI: the Barthel index, SSEQ: the stroke self-efficacy questionnaire. a: Pearson Chi-square, b: Mann–Whitney-U test. Bold stands for value <0.05.