A Compact Representation for 3D Animation Using Octrees and Affine Transformations

<table class="table-group" id="tab4"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="center" colspan="4"> Ours</td><td align="center" colspan="2">Paper [<a href="/journals/ijdmb/2010/924091/#B12">17</a>]</td></tr><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="center">Matrices</td><td align="center"> Size</td><td align="center"> Ratio</td><td align="center"> PSNR</td><td align="center">Size</td><td align="center">Ratio</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Cow (1%)</td><td align="center"> 43335</td><td align="center"> 589656</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 51.762501px;"><svg height="11.125" id="M114" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.762501 11.125" width="51.762501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,16.381,10.862)"><path d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" id="x2E"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.257,10.862)"><path d="M456 178h-96v-72q0 -51 12.5 -62.5t72.5 -16.5v-27h-256v27q65 5 78 17t13 62v72h-260v28q182 271 300 426h40v-407h96v-47zM280 225v295h-2q-107 -148 -196 -295h198z" id="x34"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,33.125,10.862)"><path d="M223 355q0 -25 -15.5 -41.5t-39.5 -16.5t-40 16.5t-16 41.5t16 41t40 16t39.5 -16t15.5 -41zM223 46q0 -26 -16 -42t-40 -16t-39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t39 16.5q24 0 40 -16.5t16 -40.5z" id="x2236"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,43.528,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g>
</svg></span></td><td align="center"> 26.35</td><td align="center"> N/A</td><td align="center"> N/A</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Cow (5%)</td><td align="center"> 15873</td><td align="center"> 233673</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 59.912498px;"><svg height="11.125" id="M115" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.912498 11.125" width="59.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" id="x32"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><path d="M249 635q70 0 116 -43t46 -105q0 -46 -28 -80q-22 -25 -80 -64q62 -35 97 -75t35 -99q0 -81 -63 -131t-135 -50q-83 0 -137.5 45.5t-54.5 123.5q0 52 45 95q29 28 89 64q-109 62 -109 155q0 66 50.5 115t128.5 49zM238 603q-42 0 -67.5 -31t-25.5 -72q0 -50 32.5 -79.5
t98.5 -62.5q61 48 61 124q0 59 -29.5 90t-69.5 31zM248 20q46 0 76.5 33.5t30.5 89.5q0 50 -39 85.5t-110 71.5q-81 -54 -81 -137q0 -67 35.5 -105t87.5 -38z" id="x38"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,16.381,10.862)"><path d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" id="x2E"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.257,10.862)"><path d="M447 623l8 -12l-283 -613l-74 -10l-7 11q174 283 297 551h-216q-48 0 -62.5 -12t-33.5 -63h-29q10 60 18 148h382z" id="x37"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.416,10.862)"><path d="M249 635q70 0 116 -43t46 -105q0 -46 -28 -80q-22 -25 -80 -64q62 -35 97 -75t35 -99q0 -81 -63 -131t-135 -50q-83 0 -137.5 45.5t-54.5 123.5q0 52 45 95q29 28 89 64q-109 62 -109 155q0 66 50.5 115t128.5 49zM238 603q-42 0 -67.5 -31t-25.5 -72q0 -50 32.5 -79.5
t98.5 -62.5q61 48 61 124q0 59 -29.5 90t-69.5 31zM248 20q46 0 76.5 33.5t30.5 89.5q0 50 -39 85.5t-110 71.5q-81 -54 -81 -137q0 -67 35.5 -105t87.5 -38z" id="x38"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,41.284,10.862)"><path d="M223 355q0 -25 -15.5 -41.5t-39.5 -16.5t-40 16.5t-16 41.5t16 41t40 16t39.5 -16t15.5 -41zM223 46q0 -26 -16 -42t-40 -16t-39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t39 16.5q24 0 40 -16.5t16 -40.5z" id="x2236"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,51.688,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g>
</svg></span></td><td align="center"> 19.68</td><td align="center"> 424603</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 39.724998px;"><svg height="11.225" id="M116" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.724998 11.225" width="39.724998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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t96 -62.5q53 0 78 45.5t25 105.5q0 68 -35 116t-99 48z" id="x36"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,21.09,10.963)"><path d="M223 355q0 -25 -15.5 -41.5t-39.5 -16.5t-40 16.5t-16 41.5t16 41t40 16t39.5 -16t15.5 -41zM223 46q0 -26 -16 -42t-40 -16t-39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t39 16.5q24 0 40 -16.5t16 -40.5z" id="x2236"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,31.493,10.963)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g>
</svg></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Cow (10%)</td><td align="center"> 10310</td><td align="center"> 163772</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 59.912498px;"><svg height="11.125" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.912498 11.125" width="59.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path d="M456 178h-96v-72q0 -51 12.5 -62.5t72.5 -16.5v-27h-256v27q65 5 78 17t13 62v72h-260v28q182 271 300 426h40v-407h96v-47zM280 225v295h-2q-107 -148 -196 -295h198z" id="x34"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,16.381,10.862)"><path d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" id="x2E"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.257,10.862)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" id="x30"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.416,10.862)"><path d="M447 623l8 -12l-283 -613l-74 -10l-7 11q174 283 297 551h-216q-48 0 -62.5 -12t-33.5 -63h-29q10 60 18 148h382z" id="x37"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,41.284,10.862)"><path d="M223 355q0 -25 -15.5 -41.5t-39.5 -16.5t-40 16.5t-16 41.5t16 41t40 16t39.5 -16t15.5 -41zM223 46q0 -26 -16 -42t-40 -16t-39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t39 16.5q24 0 40 -16.5t16 -40.5z" id="x2236"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,51.688,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g>
</svg></span></td><td align="center"> 16.65</td><td align="center"> 202942</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 39.724998px;"><svg height="11.125" id="M118" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.724998 11.125" width="39.724998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5
q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" id="x33"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><path d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" id="x32"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,21.09,10.862)"><path d="M223 355q0 -25 -15.5 -41.5t-39.5 -16.5t-40 16.5t-16 41.5t16 41t40 16t39.5 -16t15.5 -41zM223 46q0 -26 -16 -42t-40 -16t-39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t39 16.5q24 0 40 -16.5t16 -40.5z" id="x2236"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,31.493,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g>
</svg></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Cow (15%)</td><td align="center"> 6796</td><td align="center"> 115296</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 59.912498px;"><svg height="11.125" id="M119" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.912498 11.125" width="59.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path d="M153 550l-26 -186q79 31 111 31q90 0 141.5 -51t51.5 -119q0 -93 -89 -166q-85 -69 -173 -71q-32 0 -61.5 11.5t-41.5 23.5q-18 17 -17 34q2 16 22 33q14 9 26 -1q61 -50 124 -50q60 0 93 43.5t33 104.5q0 69 -41.5 110t-121.5 41q-53 0 -102 -20l38 305h286l6 -8
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q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" id="x33"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,41.284,10.862)"><path d="M223 355q0 -25 -15.5 -41.5t-39.5 -16.5t-40 16.5t-16 41.5t16 41t40 16t39.5 -16t15.5 -41zM223 46q0 -26 -16 -42t-40 -16t-39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t39 16.5q24 0 40 -16.5t16 -40.5z" id="x2236"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,51.688,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g>
</svg></span></td><td align="center"> 15.27</td><td align="center"> 140999</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 39.724998px;"><svg height="11.125" id="M120" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.724998 11.125" width="39.724998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg></span></td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="7"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Results of the Comparison for the “Cow” Sequence.

International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting

tab4

Table 4

Table 4: A Compact Representation for 3D Animation Using Octrees and Affine Transformations 