The Utility of Geometric Morphometrics to Elucidate Pathways of Cichlid Fish Evolution
Figure 3
Deformation grid or Thin-plate spline showing differences (a) concerning whole body shape (19 landmarks, see Figure 1(a)) between a group of cichlid individuals living in the natural environment in Lake Tanganyika and another group of fish raised in ponds with a standardized rock architecture and artificial food. The grid accords to a canonical variate analysis carried out in an unpublished study on Lake Tanganyikan cichlids. (b) of the lower pharyngeal jaw throughout ontogeny between the smallest and the largest individual of Lepidiolamprologus elongatus (6 landmarks, see Figure 1(d)).
