The African Origin of Complex Projectile Technology: An Analysis Using Tip Cross-Sectional Area and Perimeter

Table 1

Summary statistics and information for the control and MSA samples.

Industry	N	Width		Thickness		Cross-section estimate	Source
		Mean	StDev	Mean	StDev
Arrowheads	118	15.09	3.93	4.13	1.29	Bifacial Rhomboid	Thomas 1978 [49]
Dart-tips	40	23.05	4.45	4.96	1	Bifacial Rhomboid	Thomas 1978 [49]; Shott 1997 [50]
KRM MSA I: Triangular flakes	71	33.61	6.04	9.82	2.17	Unifacial Triangular	S. Wurz
KRM MSA II Lower: Triangular flakes	528	35	7.85	11.96	3.87	Unifacial Triangular	S. Wurz
KRM MSA II Upper: Triangular flakes	298	31.77	7.17	10.93	2.95	Unifacial Triangular	S. Wurz
South African Stillbay points	203	27	7.8	9.94	3.83	Bifacial Rhomboid	T. Minichillo
Blombos Cave Stillbay points	239	26.56	9.77	9.53	4.46	Bifacial Rhomboid	M. Soressi
Porc Epic Bifacial Points	94	23.61	5.82	8.36	2.66	Bifacial Rhomboid	D. Pleurdeau
Porc Epic Unifacial Points	306	23.15	5.6	7.45	2.22	Unifacial Triangular	D. Pleurdeau
Aterian tanged points: Aoulef	4	26	3.56	6.13	1.32	Unifacial Triangular	T. Tillet; J. Shea
Aterian tanged points: Asriouel	46	26.26	5.33	7.65	1.86	Unifacial Triangular	T. Tillet; J. Shea
Aterian tanged points: Azrag	18	24.17	5.09	6.83	1.76	Unifacial Triangular	T. Tillet; J. Shea
Aterian tanged points: Izouzaden	12	31.92	5.84	10.58	1.62	Unifacial Triangular	T. Tillet; J. Shea
Aterian tanged points: Bir El Ater	41	29.63	8.19	8.17	1.7	Unifacial Triangular	Peabody Museum; J. Shea
All Aterian tanged points	124	27.65	6.78	7.95	2.01	Unifacial Triangular	—