The Genetic Basis of Female Mate Preference and Species Isolation in Drosophila

Table 1

Summary of existing genetic analyses of Drosophila species pairs that are behaviorally isolated. The current mode of isolation, trait studied, experimental design (E D), and number of loci potentially affecting behavioral isolation are listed. E D’s are chromosome substitution (C), deficiency complementation mapping (D), complementation mapping of single genes (G), homozygous for a mutation (H), introgression (I), microarray (M), quantitative trait locus mapping (Q), and recombination mapping (R).

Species pair	Isolation	Trait	E D	Number of loci
D. melanogaster (two “races”)	Allopatric	Male prezygotic isolation [90–92]	C, I	≥5
		Female prezygotic isolation [90–93]	C, I, M	≥4
		Female pheromone production [94]	R	1
D. melanogaster and D. simulans	Sympatric	Female pheromone production [95]	D	≥5
D. simulans and D. sechellia	Allopatric	Female pheromone production [56, 74]	Q	≥11
		Male prezygotic isolation [59]	Q	≥1
		Male copulation duration [59]	Q	≥1
		Male genital morphology [96]	Q	≥7–11
		Male sex comb tooth number [96]	Q	≥4
		Male pheromone production [59, 97, 98]	Q, C	≥1–5
		Female prezygotic isolation [2]	C	≥2
		Male courtship song [99]	Q	≥6
D. simulans and D. mauritiana	Allopatric	Male prezygotic isolation [2, 4, 100]	C	≥2
		Male copulation duration [100]	C	≥3
		Male sex comb tooth number [101]	Q	≥2
		Male genital morphology [101, 102]	Q	≥9
		Female prezygotic isolation [2, 13, 103]	C	≥3
		Mau female discrimination [6]	Q	≥7
		Sim male trait [6]	Q	≥3
		Mau male trait [6]	Q	≥6
D. mauritiana and D. sechellia	Allopatric	Female pheromone production [104]	R	≥6
D. mojavensis (different populations)	Allopatric	Male courtship success [105]	Q	≥1
		Male copulation latency [105]	Q	≥3
D. mojavensis and D. arizonae	Sympatric	Male prezygotic isolation [106]	C	≥2
		Female prezygotic isolation [106]	C	≥2
D. heteroneura and D. silvestris	Sympatric	Male head shape [107, 108]	C	≥9-10
D. pseudoobscura and D. persimilis	Sympatric	Female prezygotic isolation and reinforcement [109, 110]	Q, I	≥4
		Male prezygotic isolation [111, 112]	C, R	≥3
		Male courtship song [113]	Q	≥2-3
		Female prezygotic isolation [84]	I	≥2
		Pheromone production [114]	C	≥2
D. virilis and D. littoralis	Sympatric	Male song production [115]	C	≥3
D. virilis and D. lummei	Sympatric	Male courtship song [116]	C	≥4
		Male pheromone productions [117]	C	≥5
		Female pheromone productions [117]	C	≥4
D. virilis and D. a. texana	Sympatric	Male prezygotic isolation [118]	Q	≥1
D. virilis and D. novamexicana	Sympatric	Male prezygotic isolation [118]	Q	≥1
D. auraria and D. biauraria	Sympatric	Male courtship song [55]	C	≥2
D. montana (different strains)	Sympatric	Male pheromone production [119]	Q	≥9
D. santomea and D. yakuba	Sympatric	Female prezygotic isolation [7]	Q	≥3
		Male trait [7]	Q	≥3
D. ananassae (different populations)	Sympatric	Assortative mating [120]	H	≥1
D. ananassae and D. pallidosa	Sympatric	Female prezygotic isolation [3, 121]	C, I, R	≥2
		Male song production [122]	C	≥2