In with the Old, in with the New: The Promiscuity of the Duplication Process Engenders Diverse Pathways for Novel Gene Creation

Table 1

Extant percentage of complete, partial and chimeric duplicates originating from small-scale DNA-mediated duplication events in sequenced genomes, mutation accumulation lines, or natural isolates of model organisms.

Phylogenetic distribution	% Gene duplicates from SSD-events			Comments	References
	Complete	Partial	Chimeric
C aenorhabditis elegans
Sequenced genome of N2 strain	39	21	40	290 duplicate pairs with 𝑑𝑆 ≤ 0.10	[76]
Mutation accumulation (MA) lines	37	63	—	30 spontaneous duplication events across ten MA lines bottlenecked for an average of 432 generations	[38]
Drosophila melanogaster
Sequenced genome	41	27	32	72 duplicate pairs with >80% sequence identity	[24]
Natural isofemale lines	14	76	10	928 CNVs across 15 natural isolates	[45]
Drosophila pseudoobscura
Sequenced genome	44	56	—	101 duplicate pairs derived from DNA-mediated duplication events; >80% sequence identity	[77]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Sequenced genome	89	7	4	47 duplicate pairs derived from small-scale duplication events; 𝑑𝑆 ≤ 0.35	[78]