Differences in Chemical Sexual Signals May Promote Reproductive Isolation and Cryptic Speciation between Iberian Wall Lizard Populations

Table 1

Morphological characteristics (mean ± SE) of P. hispanica lizards (males and females) from five distinct populations of the Madrid region (Aranjuez, Belmonte, Golondrina, Fuenfría, and Pedrezuela). Results from one-way ANOVAs comparing morphological measures between populations are shown. The same letter after the means denotes a nonsignificant difference in post hoc tests.

Morphological measures	Populations					ANOVAs
	Aranjuez	Belmonte	Golondrina	Fuenfría	Pedrezuela	F4,107	P
Males
Weight (g)	3.3 ± 0.2^ab	3.1 ± 0.2^a	4.7 ± 0.2^bc	5.5 ± 0.2^c	3.8 ± 0.2^b	35.89	< 0.001
SVL (mm)	51 ± 1^ab	50 ± 1^a	59 ± 1^bc	62 ± 1^c	55 ± 1^b	38.80	< 0.001
Head length (mm)	12.7 ± 0.2^a	12.4 ± 0.2^ac	14.2 ± 0.2^bc	14.9 ± 0.1^b	13.8 ± 0.2^c	16.57	< 0.001
Head width (mm)	7.3 ± 0.1^a	7.5 ± 0.1^ac	8.2 ± 0.1^bc	8.5 ± 0.1^b	8.0 ± 0.1^c	11.96	<0.001
Head depth (mm)	5.3 ± 0.1^a	5.6 ± 0.1^ac	6.1 ± 0.1^bc	6.1 ± 0.1^b	5.9 ± 0.1^c	31.20	<0.001
Femoral pores	16.2 ± 0.2^a	17.5 ± 0.3^b	18.3 ± 0.3^b	17.7 ± 0.3^b	17.2 ± 0.3^ab	7.12	<0.001
Blue ocelli	4.5 ± 0.5^a	4.9 ± 0.5^a	1.9 ± 0.5^b	1.7 ± 0.4^b	5.9 ± 0.6^a	13.41	<0.001
Females						F4,113	P
Weight (g)	2.9 ± 0.1^ab	2.5 ± 0.1^a	2.9 ± 0.1^ab	3.3 ± 0.2^b	2.8 ± 0.2^ab	3.20	0.015
SVL (mm)	50 ± 1^ab	50 ± 1^ab	55 ± 1^bc	56 ± 1^c	52 ± 1^b	11.43	<0.001
Head length (mm)	11.0 ± 0.1^a	11.1 ± 0.2^a	11.8 ± 0.1^b	12.0±0.1^b	11.5 ± 0.2^a	3.49	0.01
Head width (mm)	6.6 ± 0.1^a	6.5 ± 0.1^a	6.7 ± 0.1^b	6.9 ± 0.1^b	6.6 ± 0.1^a	3.48	0.01
Head depth (mm)	4.8 ± 0.1^a	4.8 ± 0.1^a	5.0 ± 0.1^b	5.1 ± 0.1^b	4.7 ± 0.1^a	9.40	<0.001
Femoral pores	13.7 ± 0.2^a	16.4 ± 0.3^b	15.6 ± 0.2^b	16.0 ± 0.2^b	15.3 ± 0.2^ab	21.62	<0.001