No Experimental Evidence for Sneaking in a West African Cichlid Fish with Extremely Long Sperm

Table 1

Results of the generalised linear mixed models with enclosure as random factor. The dependent variable, explanatory variable, model reduction steps, and test statistics are shown. The effects of female and male body length on spawning are shown. Furthermore, the frequency of approaches of fish to get close to the cave and the frequency of fish that were chased away by the territorial spawning pair depending on period (before/after spawning) and sex were analysed. The sample size (𝑁), difference of degrees of freedom (Δdf), and 𝜒²- and 𝑃-values are given.

Dependent variable	Explanatory variable	Δdf	𝜒^2	𝑃	𝑁
Females spawned/not spawned	Total length	1	5.282	0.022	24
Males spawned/not spawned	Total length	1	12.554	<0.001	40
Approaches	Period × sex	1	0.344	0.558	8
	Period	1	9.021	0.003	8
	Sex	1	8.311	0.004	8
Chased away	Period × sex	1	0.275	0.600	8
	Sex	1	9.019	0.003	8
	Period	1	6.448	0.011	8