Characterizing the Relative Spatial Structure of Point Patterns

Figure 9

Spatial structure of Vouacapoua americana ((a) univariate 𝑀 function) and Qualea rosea ((d) univariate 𝑀 function), and bivariate 𝑀 functions ((b) 𝑀_{𝑉𝑎,𝑄𝑟} and (c) 𝑀_{𝑄𝑟,𝑉𝑎}). Confidence intervals are computed at 1% risk level. Both species are aggregated over around 5 meters, and they significantly repulse each other.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)