Nonconsumptive Effects of Predation and Impaired Chemosensory Risk Assessment on an Aquatic Prey Species

Figure 1

Boxplots showing the median, first and third quartiles, and 95% CI of different physical habitat measurements within a 1 m radius of occupied central place foraging sites (Site) of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry compared to unoccupied control sites (Control) 2 m directly upstream in two neutral (open plots) and two acidic (shaded plots) streams. (a) Depth (m); (b) flow rate (m s⁻¹); (c) percent substrate particles < 1 cm diameter; (d) percent substrate particles > 15 cm diameter ( per box). Asterisks denote significant differences from zero in one-sample -tests ().

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