Logging Activity Adversely Impacts Primate Diversity and Density in the Kwabre Rainforest of Ghana

Table 4

Encounter rates of primates and logging intensity in the Kwabre Rainforest.

Stratum/transects	Lowe’s monkey	Spot-nosed monkey	White-naped mangabey	Roloway monkey	Olive colobus	Black-and-white colobus	Total primates	Primates per km	Logging intensity per km
Logged
1	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0	0	10
2	1 (11)	1 (8)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (6, 5)	30	9	4
3	0 (0)	1 (6)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (3)	3 (6, 5, 4)	24	7	3
4	1 (8)	0 (0)	1 (5)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (7)	20	6	7
5	2 (7, 9)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (4)	1 (6)	26	7	6
6	1 (6)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (6)	1 (3)	2 (6, 7)	28	6	5
Mean	8.2	7.0	5.0	6.0	3.3	5.7	25.6	7.0	5.8
Total	41	14	5	6	10	52	128	35	35
Unlogged
7	2 (12, 9)	1 (10)	1 (5)	0 (0)	2 (4, 3)	1 (7)	50	14	0
8	3 (10, 9, 11)	2 (9, 11)	1 (6)	1 (6)	1 (4)	0 (0)	66	19	0
9	1 (7)	2 (7, 9)	1 (3)	0 (0)	1 (5)	1 (5)	36	10	0
10	2 (9, 8)	1 (8)	1 (4)	2 (4, 3)	2 (3, 3)	2 (6, 5)	53	15	0
11	4 (11, 8, 12, 6)	3 (8, 6, 9)	0 (0)	1 (5)	1 (4)	1 (7)	76	22	0
12	2 (6, 8)	3 (11, 9, 7)	2 (5, 3)	1 (4)	1 (3)	1 (5)	61	17	0
Mean	9.0	8.6	4.3	4.4	3.6	5.8	57.0	16	0
Total	126	104	26	22	29	35	342	97	0

Numbers outside brackets indicate the number of primate groups and numbers in brackets indicate group sizes and logged trees per km.