Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Solid Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Jatropha curcas Oil: Kinetic Study and Process Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

Figure 8

(a) SEM images of the recovered catalyst after five transesterification cycles. (b) EDS data of the area in the red box in (c). Reusability of CaO-ZrO₂ catalyst in the transesterification of JCO over 5 cycles.

(a)

(b)

(c)