Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Solid Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Jatropha curcas Oil: Kinetic Study and Process Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

Table 4

The physical and chemical characteristics of the biodiesel generated in this study as determined by ASTM standards.

Property	JCO biodiesel^a	ASTM limits	Testing methods
Acid value (mg KOH g^−1)	0.21	<0.79	D 664
Density (g cm^−3)	0.86	0.86-0.90	D 1448-1972
Flash point (°C)	145	>93	D 7215
Kinematic viscosity (cSt)^b	4.33	1.90–6.00	D 445
Pour point (°C)	3.35	-15 to +6	D 97
Cetane number	56	≥47	D 6890
Cloud point (°C)	1	-3 to +12	D 2500

^aThis work. ^bAt 40°C.