Stabilization of Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ Solid Electrolyte through Ga-Based Precipitates and the Ga–Au Surface Layer

Figure 2

Comparison of crystal structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties of Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ pellets with Ga dopant concentrations of 0, 0.070, 0.107, 0.142, and 0.178: (a) XRD patterns of Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ electrolytes with the Ga dopant content ranging from 0 to 0.178; (b) top-view SEM images of Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ electrolytes with different Ga dopant contents; the Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ pellets were polished to achieve a smooth surface; (c) schematic of precipitated Ga in LLZO, facilitating liquid-phase sintering, which accelerates the interparticle bonding in LLZO; (d) relative density of the Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ pellets (estimated using Archimedes’ method) as a function of Ga dopant content; (e) the Nyquist plots and (f) the corresponding ionic conductivities of Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ pellets with increasing Ga content.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)