Lifecourse Urbanization, Social Demography, and Health Outcomes among a National Cohort of 71,516 Adults in Thailand
Table 2
Household characteristics among cohort members by sex and lifecourse urbanization.
Household characteristics
Lifecourse urbanization*(%)
Rural-rural
Rural-urban
Urban-urban
males
females
males
females
males
females
Number of children (<15 years)
0
48.0
48.2
51.3
52.8
55.7
53.4
1
26.5
27.9
26.2
25.3
24.0
25.1
2
18.1
16.9
16.2
16.3
13.5
14.1
3+
7.5
7.1
6.3
2.1
6.7
2.8
Types of household
One adult with or without children
2.0
0.9
4.9
3.2
2.0
1.4
Couple without children
4.8
3.3
12.6
9.2
5.9
4.9
Couple with no children with parent/grandparents
4.4
3.7
3.1
2.5
4.2
3.2
Couple with children and no parents/grandparents
17.4
11.0
23.2
15.4
12.6
10.8
Couple with children and with parents or grandparents
12.2
12.5
7.6
7.4
10.3
9.8
No spouse, no parents/grandparents
6.6
5.6
11.5
15.4
8.1
7.9
No spouse, with parents/grandparents
52.7
62.9
37.1
46.9
57.0
62.0
Head of household
Self
26.2
6.7
46.5
14.5
27.6
11.6
Husband/wife
0.8
14.8
0.8
24.9
0.6
16.3
Father
47.9
56.0
31.5
35.6
44.5
42.4
Mother
14.1
15.4
10.0
12.6
19.6
19.6
Father-in-law
5.7
2.4
3.6
2.6
1.3
1.9
Mother-in-law
2.1
1.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.6
Relatives/other males
2.7
2.5
4.5
5.5
3.4
4.0
Relative/other females
1.8
2.3
2.8
5.4
3.4
4.8
Living in the household**
Spouse/partner
40.0
31.4
48.5
36.1
33.7
29.4
Adult son/daughter
3.7
3.7
3.3
3.6
2.6
2.9
Adult brother/sister
45.2
53.5
36.3
46.3
53.1
55.6
Parent
65.4
75.9
43.7
52.6
68.2
71.5
Grandparent
9.3
10.9
6.3
7.4
9.0
10.5
Other relative or in-law
10.5
17.1
17.6
20.4
21.2
22.4
Nonrelative
3.4
2.7
7.2
8.5
6.6
7.1
Urbanization group based on residence at age 12 and again when responding to the baseline questionnaire in 2005, column percents for each variable by urbanization group.
**Multiple responses allowed.
