Expression of Heat Shock and Other Stress Response Proteins in Ticks and Cultured Tick Cells in Response to Anaplasma spp. Infection and Heat Shock

Figure 3

Differential expression of heat shock and other stress response genes in different tick-Anaplasma interactions. The mRNA levels of HSP20, HSP70, GST, SEL, and FER1 were characterized by real-time RT-PCR in uninfected and Anaplasma-infected ticks and tick cells. Arbitrarily, +10 and −10 values were used to represent gene upregulation and downregulation, respectively. When the mRNA levels did not change after pathogen infection, a zero value was used. A ±5 value was used when pathogen infection was characterized in the same species ticks and tick cells or in tick guts and salivary glands. Abbreviations: A. m., A. marginale; A. p., A. phagocytophilum; A. o., A. ovis; I.s., I. scapularis; D. v., D. variabilis; D. a., D. andersoni; R. s., R. sanguineus; R. a., R. annulatus; R. m., R. microplus; R. t., R. turanicus.