Review Article

A Review of Optical Nondestructive Visual and Near-Infrared Methods for Food Quality and Safety

Table 3

Class B groups.

Food group/appendixExamples of parameters evaluated and one of related research articlesMethods applied

Mammalian products/B.1Quality Color, geometrical features, texture
Multivariate data analysis, ratios, MLR, PCA, PLS
Taste (Byrne et al. [120])
Color (Van den Oord and Wesdorp [124])
Diet (Prieto et al. [130])
Content
(i) pH (Andrés et al. [128])
(ii) Moisture (Chan et al. [135])
(iii) Fat (Sierra et al. [136])
(iv) Iron (Hong and Yasumoto [139])
(v) Protein and dry content (Prieto et al. [140])
Maturity (Prieto et al. [154])
Shear force (Yancey et al. [155])
Tenderness (Shackelford et al. [126])
Texture (Byrne et al. [[120])
Sensory characteristics (Prieto et al. [159])
Structural properties (Shackelford et al. [126])
Drip loss (Geesink et al. [160])
Authentication (Dian et al. [168] and Arvanitoyannis and Houwelingen-Koukaliaroglou [264])
Freshness (Downey and Beauch ne [173])
Safety
Spoilage (Horváth et al. [116])
Contamination (Windham et al. [118])
Bioagents (Ellis et al. [117])
Adulteration of milk (Sato et al. [181])

Poultry products/B.2Quality Wavelength selection
PLS
Correlation
Content (fat, protein, iron)
Authenticity/origin (Hong and Yasumoto [139])
Storage and handling (Liu et al. [192])
Safety
Safety in general (Chen et al. [182])
Fecal contamination (Park et al. [188])
Spoilage (Lin et al. [190])

Aquatic animal products/B.3Quality Wavelength
PCA, linear discriminant analysis
PLS
Temperature
Appearance (olsen [195])
Identification/authentication (Cozzolino et al. [197])
Freshness (Uddin et al. [198])
Content
(i) Water, fat, and protein (Gjerde and Martens [204])
(ii) Free fatty acids (Zhang and Lee [203])
(iii) Salt and moisture (Huang et al. [7])
(iv) Crude lipid (Mathias et al. [209])
Defects like bruises (Lin et al. [211])
Safety
Incorrect ingredients (Font et al. [212])
Spoilage (Lin et al. [202])

Invertebrate animals and spices/B.5Quality PLC, PCA
Authenticity (Gayo and Hale [213])
Content (Brown [215])