The Modes of Evolutionary Emergence of Primal and Late Pandemic Influenza Virus Strains from Viral Reservoir in Animals: An Interdisciplinary Analysis

Table 7

Contraction of pandemic/seasonal human influenza A virus genomes or genes by avian host species (based on various data presented above).

	Mode of contraction by
Genome or genes contracted	Duck	Turkey	Quail	Chicken
Whole genome of H1N1 (different strains)	EI	UI and EI	EI
Whole genome of H3N2 (different strains)	EI			EI
PB1, NA, and HA of H3N2	NI	NI	NI
PB1 and NA of H1N2	NI	NI

EI: experimental infection; NI: natural infection; UI: unintentional infection due to artificial insemination.