Collateral Tissue Damage by Several Types of Coagulation (Monopolar, Bipolar, Cold Plasma and Ultrasonic) in a Minimally Invasive, Perfused Liver Model

Table 1

Settings of the high-frequency coagulation devices.

Technique	Power
Monopolar	40 watt level 3
Bipolar	40 watt level 3
Cold plasma	40 watt 1.5 L/min
Ultrasonic	High level