Short-Term Effects of Ketamine and Isoflurane on Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in an Experimental Swine Model

Table 2

Hemodynamics. Values are mean ± SEM. LVEF is the left ventricular ejection fraction from blinding echocardiography. *Indicates 𝑃<0.05 compared with baseline.

Parameters	Baseline	Postketamine	Postisoflurane
𝑁	15	15	15
Heart rate, bpm	143.7 ± 17.2	146.9 ± 13.8	131.9 ± 22.0
LVEF	0.47 ± 0.01	0.41 ± 0.02*	0.38 ± 0.02*