Research Article

A Study of the Hazardous Glare Potential to Aviators from Utility-Scale Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Systems

Table 1

Retinal irradiance assumptions.

Module typePolycrystalline silicon (p-Si)
Module Tilt/Azimuth25°/0°
Atmospheric attenuation between the module and the pilot’s eye?No
Subtended angle of the sun0.00093 radians
Diameter of the pupil in sunlight0.2 cm
Focal length of the eye0.0017 cm
Transmission coefficient of the eye0.5