Incidence of Vasospasm, Outcome, and Quality of Life after Endovascular and Surgical Treatment of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: Results of a Single-Center Prospective Study in Switzerland

Table 3

Risk factors for cerebral vasospasm on admission and during the treatment in patients undergoing surgical and endovascular treatment.

		Surgical treatment		𝑃 value surgical versus	Endovascular treatment
	Total	Clinical CVS	No clinical CVS	endovascular	Total	Clinical CVS	no clinical CVS
Total patients	41	12	29	—	25	6	19
Patients with angiographic CVS (%)	70.7	91.7	62.1	NS	52	83.3	36.8
Patient with clinical CVS (%)	29.2	—	—	NS	24	—	—
Platelet count (×1000/μL)	263.3±64.3	298.7±69.7	248.6±57	NS	280.3±76.1	315.6±75.4	269.2±74.8
Lowest platelet count/admission count > 0.7 (%)	85.4	83	86	—	80	66	84
Hematocrit (L/L)	0.33±0.04	0.32±0.03	0.33±0.04	𝑃<𝟎.𝟎𝟓	0.35±0.05	0.33±0.06	0.36±0.04
Mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	139±13.6	147±14.1	136±11.8	NS	143±17	158±12	139±15.1
Episodes of hypotension (SBP <105 mmHg)	0.68±1.1	0.67±1.2	0.69±1.1	NS	1.04±1.3	0.5±0.7	1.2±1.4
Maximal ICP (mmHg)*	26±9.1	29±8	25±9	NS	34.7±16.8	44±15	30±10
Patients undergoing ICP monitoring (%)	31.7	42	27	—	48	66	42
Angiographic vasospasm on admission (%)	7.3	8.3	6.9	—	16	50	5.3
Fisher CT grading	3.3±0.8	3.6±0.6	3.2±0.9	NS	3.5±0.9	3.1±1.1	3.6±0.7
Grade 1-2 (%)	17.1	8.3	20.7	—	16	16.7	15.8
Grade 3-4 (%)	82.9	91.7	79.3	—	86	83.3	84.2
Mean fluid balance (mL)	−132±630	−195±394	−106±693	NS	−109±412	−199±214	−93±448
Patients with negative fluid balance (%)	63.4	75	58.7	—	60	83.3	52.6
Episodes of negative fluid balance	4.1±1.9	4.8±0.9	3.7±2.1	NS	4.1±2.2	4±2.6	4.1±2.1
Inclusion in the Clazosentan study* (𝑛)	23	7 (28.1%)	16 (69.5%)	NS	9	2 (22.2%)	7 (77.7%)
Sodium (mmol/L)	141.5±2.1	141±1.9	142±2	𝑃<𝟎.𝟎𝟓	138.8±3.1	136.6±2.6	140±2.7
Glucose (mmol/L)	6.7±0.8	6.8±0.6	6.7±0.8	NS	6.9±0.9	6.7±0.4	6.9±0.9
Cigarette use (%)	48.8	75	38	—	52	33.3	57.9
Cigarette use (py)	14.3±17.9	19.5±21.7	12.3±14.9	NS	20.2±19.7	15±16.1	19.9±20.1

CVS: cerebral vasospasm; ICP: intracranial pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; NS: no statistically significant; *: including all patients receiving placebo and clazosentan (1, 5, and 15 mg). All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.