| | Author | Species | Diseases animal model | Sample | MMP protein | MMP mRNA | MMP activity | TIMP protein | TIMP mRNA |
| | Nakano | Human
n = 25 | Paroxysmal AF
Chronic AF | RA appendages | MMP9 ↑ (ELISA) | MMP9 ↑ (PCR) | Active MMP9 ↑
Latent MMP9 ↑
Active MMP1→
Latent MMP1→
Active MMP2→
Latent MMP2→
(western) | TIMP1→ (ELISA) | TIMP1→ (PCR) | | Climent | Human
n = 46 | Persistent AF | Blood | MMP1 ↓ (ELISA) | | | | | | Gramley | Human
n = 146 | Paroxysmal AF
Persistent AF | RA appendage | MMP2,9→ | MMP2,9→
(PCR) | MMP2,9↑
(zymography) | | TIMP1↓
TIMP2↓ | | Mukherjee | human
n = 23 | Chronic AF | RA,LA wall | RA
MMP1,8↑14↓ | | LA
MMP9 ↑
(zymography) | RA
TIMP1,2,3,4→
LATIMP3↑
(Western) | | | Xu | Human
n = 53 | DCM, End stage HF with AF | Atrial myocardium | MMP2,9↑
(western) | | MMP2,9↑
(zymography) | TIMP1→
TIMP2↓ (western) | | | Martin | Human
n = 48 | Chronic AF | Blood | MMP1 ↓ (ELISA) | | | | | | Polyakova et al. | Human
n = 24 | Chronic AF | RA appendages
RA free walls | MMP2,9↑
(western) | | | TIMP1,2↑
TIMP3,4→
(Western) | | | Kallergis et al. | Human
n=70 | paroxysmal AF
persistent AF | Blood | MMP1↑in paroxysmal versus persistent (ELISA) | | | TIMP1↑
(versus control) | | | Anne | Human
n = 9 | Permanent AF | RA, LA appendage | MMP1↓ (western)
(MVS with SR and AF) | | MMP9↓ (zymography)
(MVS with SR and AF) | | | | Khan et al. | Canine | RV pacing | Atrial tissue | | | MMP2,9↑
(zymography) | | | | Chen | Pig | RA pacing | Atrial tissue | MMP9↑
MMP2→ | MMP9↑
MMP2→ (PCR) | | TIMP1,3↑
TIMP2→ | | | Boixel et al. | Rat | MI | LA myocardium | MMP2,7,13↑ (western) | | MMP2,7↑
(zymography) | TIMP1,2,4→
(western) | |
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