A Two-Parameter Ratio-Product-Ratio Estimator Using Auxiliary Information

Table 3

Comparison of the estimators in 10 000 simulations. See text for details.

Estimator	Coverage	Neg. bias	Pos. bias	Lo. quart.	Median	Up. quart.
𝑦	89.86%	5.14%	5.00%	0.5583	0.5820	0.6062
𝑦𝑅	97.01%	0.12%	2.87%	0.5670	0.5831	0.6017
𝑦𝑃	49.59%	25.44%	24.97%	0.5240	0.5809	0.6410
𝑦^∗(0.6092)	100.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.5732	0.5829	0.5928
Estimator	MSE					MSE(𝑦)/MSE(est)
𝑦		0.00127				100%
𝑦𝑅		0.00068				186.68%
𝑦𝑃		0.00755				16.79%
𝑦^∗(0.6092)		0.00021				598.93%