Tin-Catalyzed Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: A Review

Table 10

Chemical composition and commercial nomenclature of tin(IV) catalysts [12].

Catalyst	Chemical formula	Commercial denomination
FASCAT 4100	(C4H9)SnO(OH)	Butylstannoic acid
	(BTA)
FASCAT 4201	(C4H9)2SnO	Di-n-butyloxo-stannane
	(DBTO)
FASCAT 4350	Modified (C4H9)2SnO	Modified di-n-butyl-oxo-stannane
	Modified DBTO
FASCAT 118	(C4H9)2Sn(C12H23O2)2;	Dibutyltindilaurate
	(DBTDL)

^aReaction conditions: molar ratio CH₃OH : oil : catalyst = 400 : 100 : 1, 80°C, 1000 rpm, and open glass.