A Critical Review of Effects of COPD Self-Management Education on Self-Efficacy

Table 4

Sources of efficacy information used in the review studies.

Reviewed study	Performance mastery experience	Vicarious experience/modeling	Emotional or physiological arousal	Verbal persuasion
Davis et al. [36]	✓	✓	✓	✓
Donesky-Cuenco et al. [37]	✓	✓	✓	✓
Kara and Asti [38]	✓	✓	✓	✓
Lemmens et al. [39]
Scherer et al. [40]	✓	✓	✓	✓
Stellefson et al. [41]		✓		✓
Wong et al. [42]	✓		✓	✓