Research Article

Urine from Sexually Mature Intact Male Mice Contributes to Increased Cardiovascular Responses during Free-Roaming and Restrained Conditions

Table 1

Baseline measurements.

ConditionMAPHeart RateLocomotor activity

Free roaming 9 9 ± 5  mmHg 5 2 7 ± 1 3  bpm 5 ± 1 counts
Restrainer 1 2 1 ± 4  mmHg* 7 4 5 ± 4  bpm*

Baseline measurements of mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, and locomotor activity of mice two hours prior to being tested in the free-roaming experiment and twenty-five minutes prior to the restraint experiments. Indicates a significant difference between the respective groups ( 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 ).