Finite Element Models for Thin-Walled Steel Member Connections

Figure 5

Comparison of experimental failure modes and analytical failure modes (a) screw connection, (b) bolted connection, and (c) Model I, and (d) Model II.

(a) Screw connection—Experiment 

(b) Bolted connection—Experiment

(c) Screw/Bolted Connection—MODEL-I

(d) Screw/Bolted Connection—MODEL-II