Constructed Borrow-Pit Wetlands as Habitat for Aquatic Birds in the Peace Parkland, Canada

Table 3

Summary of habitat parameters used in analyses grouped by agriculture, mixed habitat, or forest landscape types.

Habitat parameter	Abbreviation	Agriculture n = 91		Mixed habitat n = 44		Forest n = 65
		Mean ± SE	Range	Mean ± SE	Range	Mean ± SE	Range
Northing	UTM N	6286221 ± 13564	6146156–6486264	6381155 ± 18651	6142988–6506431	6425618 ± 10661	6142977–6517349
Submersed aquatic vegetation; SAV; rank 1 (low)–5 (high)	SAV	3.1 ± 0.1	1–5	3.4 ± 0.1	2–5	3.6 ± 0.1	2–5
Proportion of perimeter covered in emergent vegetation	Emergent	0.61 ± 0.04	0-1	0.83 ± 0.04	0-1	0.88 ± 0.03	0.03–1
Proportion of perimeter covered in riparian vegetation	Riparian	0.59 ± 0.04	0-1	0.64 ± 0.78	0-1	0.81 ± 0.03	0-1
Proportion of pond surface covered by emergent vegetation	Area; emergent	0.17 ± 0.02	0–0.75	0.27 ± 0.03	0–0.8	0.31 ± 0.03	0-1
Proportion of water within 500 m buffer	Water	0.01 ± 0.001	0.002–0.03	0.01 ± 0.002	0–0.08	0.02 ± 0.004	0–0.22
Distance to nearest water body (m)	Dist. water	442.7 ± 27.8	32–1087	491.2 ± 107.2	33–4792	585.6 ± 104.1	90–5831
Pond area (ha)	Area	0.5 ± 0.03	0.2–1.6	0.7 ± 0.1	0.1–2.6	0.8 ± 0.04	0.2–1.7
Distance from road to pond (m)	Dist. road	31.8 ± 1.8	10–126	38.9 ± 3.6	8–101	45.8 ± 2.7	20–119
Beaver activity (presence/absence)	Beaver	5 ponds		16 ponds		41 ponds
Human structure (presence/absence)	Human	8 ponds		2 ponds		0 ponds