Risk Factors at Birth for Permanent Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury and Associated Osseous Deformities

Table 1

Relationship between risk factors at birth and weight among patients with permanent injury.

	Instrument delivery^†		Shoulder Dystocia		No finger movement
Birthweight*	%	𝑛	%	𝑛	%	𝑛
All	41	99/239	97	233/241	68	163/241
<3,750 g	47	28/59	88	53/60	65	39/60
3,750–4,499 g	42	55/131	99	131/132	70	92/132
≥4,500 g	33	16/49	100	49/49	66	32/49

*Weight classes were chosen based on Brimacombe et al. [25]: <3750 g: appropriate for gestational age; 3750–4499 g: large for gestational age; ≥4500 g: gross macrosomy.
^†Includes forceps, vacuum, or both. Information regarding instrument delivery was not available from two patients.