Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: Applications in Clinical and Translational Science—A Comprehensive Review
Figure 3
CLE of the stomach. (a) In the normal antrum, the gastric pits have a branched opening, and superficial sections show a cobble-stone appearance of the epithelium that is partially seen on this image. Subepithelial vessels can be seen as bright, often twisted bands. (b) shows a patch of intestinal metaplasia (arrows), easily identifiable by multiple goblet cells (cf. Figure 2(a)) and the brighter color due to a higher pH of cells. (c) In the same patient, a lesion was found that showed typical aspects of gastric cancer with uneven epithelial height of glands, massive extravasation of fluorescein, and cells infiltrating from the epithelium into the lamina propria. Targeted biopsies confirmed gastric cancer. Edge length is 475 μm.
