Adverse Outcomes of IVF/ICSI Pregnancies Vary Depending on Aetiology of Infertility

Table 1

Maternal, treatment, and pregnancy characteristics and neonatal outcome in the study groups compared with the reference groups.

			Maternal characteristics
	Ref. group 26 870	ART; 255	Anovul.; 68	Endometriosis 49	Male factor 43	Tubal factor; 38	PCOS; 27	Unexplain 30
Age >35 years %	13.6	26.7	29.4	24.5	18.6	42.1	11.1	30.0
𝑃 value		<0.0001	<0.001	<0.05	NS	<0.0001	NS	NS
BMI^a >25%	24.0	25.5	28.4	20.4	22.0	23.7	48.2	13.8
𝑃 value		NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	<0.01	NS
Married %	55.3	72.2	70.6	77.6	74.4	57.9	77.8	76.7
𝑃 value		<0.0001	<0.05	<0.01	<0.05	NS	NS	<0.05
Nulliparous %	40.1	75.7	79.4	83.7	72.1	63.2	63.0	86.7
𝑃 value		<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.005	<0.05	<0.0001
Smoking^b  %	20.6	11.2	9.1	8.2	12.2	18.9	11.5	10.0
𝑃 value		<0.001	<0.05	<0.05	NS	NS	NS	NS
Prev. miscarriage %	19.1	16.1	13.2	16.3	14.0	15.8	18.5	23.3
𝑃 value		NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Prev. foetal demise %	1.2	1.2	4.4	0	0	0	0	0
𝑃 value		NS	<0.05	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Chronic illnesses %	11.3	12.2	26.5	10.2	7.0	5.3	7.4	3.3
𝑃 value		NS	<0.0001	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
			Treatment characteristics
Dur. of infertility (y)		3.1	3.2	3.2	2.9	3.1	3.1	3.2
N : o of ovarian stimul		1.8	2.1	1.8	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.6
IVF pregnancy %		41.2	41.2	51.0	0	65.8	51.9	30.0
ICSI pregnancy %		45.9	48.5	24.5	88.4	26.3	25.9	56.7
Frozen-thawed preg %		14.5	10.3	24.5	11.6	7.9	22.2	13.3
				Pregnancy characteristics
Gestational diabetes %	10.6	11.9	11.8	14.3	4.7	13.2	22.2	6.7
𝑃 value		NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Pre-eclampsia %	3.6	6.3	4.4	4.1	7.0	10.5	7.4	6.7
𝑃 value		<0.05	NS	NS	NS	<0.05	NS	NS
Placenta praevia %	0.6	3.6	1.5	6.1	4.7	2.6	3.7	3.3
𝑃 value		<0.0001	NS	<0.005	<0.05	NS	NS	NS
Placental abruption %	0.6	1.2	0	0	2.3	0	0	6.7
𝑃 value		NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	<0.05
				Neonatal outcome
Gestational age, d ± SD	277 ± 15	273 ± 18	274 ± 17	268 ± 23	274 ± 12	275 ± 21	276 ± 13	274 ± 20
𝑃 value		<0.005	<0.05	<0.05	NS	NS	NS	NS
Birthweight, g ± SD	3488 ± 606	3332 ± 688	3365 ± 683	3185 ± 697	3301 ± 587	3413 ± 821	3591 ± 639	3208 ± 641
𝑃 value		<0.005	NS	<0.005	<0.05	NS	NS	<0.01

^aBody mass index (BMI), kg/m², ^bsmoking during pregnancy >5 cigarettes/day.