Modelling the Role of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Health Education on Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Dynamics

<table>Backward bifurcation diagram of the force of infection <svg height="15.6375" id="M142" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.925 15.6375" width="14.925" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.6375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-59.49)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.76)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝜆</tspan>
</text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.19,67.83)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">∗</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.1999998">𝑠</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg> for drug sensitive TB only model (<a href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/isrn/volume-2012/459829/figures/#EEq4">7</a>), against the drug sensitive TB reproduction number, <svg height="14.3625" id="M143" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.125 14.3625" width="17.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.51)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑅</tspan>
</text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">𝑠</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg> which occurs at <svg height="14.7125" id="M144" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 44.325001 14.7125" width="44.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.23)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑅</tspan>
</text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.37)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">𝑠</tspan>
</text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.88,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">=</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">1</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg> for an arbitrary set of parameter values. The acronyms EE and DFE represent endemic equilibrium and disease-free equilibrium, respectively.</table>

International Scholarly Research Notices

fig2

Figure 2

Figure 2: Modelling the Role of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Health Education on Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Dynamics 