Performance Evaluation of a Low-Grade Low-Heat-Rejection Diesel
Engine with Crude Pongamia oil
Table 4
The Variation of Volumetric Efficiency (VE) at The Peak Load With The Injection Timing and Injection Pressure In The Conventional and LHR Engines, at Different Operating Conditions of The Vegetable Oil.
Volumetric efficiency (%)
Injection timing (°bTDC)
Test fuel
Conventional engine
LHR engine
Injection pressure (bars)
Injection pressure (bars)
190
230
270
190
230
270
NT
PT
NT
PT
NT
PT
NT
PT
NT
PT
NT
PT
27
DF
85
—
86
—
87
—
78
—
80
—
82
—
CPO
78.5
79.5
79.5
80.5
80.5
81.5
75.5
76.5
76.5
77.5
77.5
78.5
29
DF
78.5
80.5
82.5
CPO
80
81
81
82
82
83
77
77.5
78.5
79.5
79.5
80.5
30
DF
86
—
87
—
88
—
76
—
77
—
78
—
CPO
79
80
80
81
81
82
75
75.5
76
76.5
77
77.5
31
DF
87
—
87.5
—
89
—
CPO
79.5
80.5
80.5
81.5
81.5
82.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
32
DF
87.5
—
88
—
87
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
CPO
79
80
80
81
81.5
82
—
—
—
—
—
—
33
DF
89
—
89
—
86
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DF: diesel fuel, CPO: crude pongamia oil, NT: normal or room temperature, PT: preheat temperature.