A Comparative Study on Performance of Analysis Nudging and 3DVAR in Simulation of a Heavy Rainfall Event Using WRF Modeling System

Table 1

Description of observation data sets used in the assimilation experiments.

Serial number	Data	Description
1	SYNOP	Surface observations from land stations
2	BUOY	Drifting and moored buoy observations
3	SHIP	Ship observations from sea
4	TEMP	Upper-air profiles of temperature, humidity, and wind from radiosonde
5	PILOT	Wind profiles from optical theodolite
6	AIREP/AMDAR	Upper-level wind and temperature reported by aircrafts
7	SATOB	Satellite-observed cloud motion vectors from Kalpana-1, METEOSAT-6, GMS, and GOES
8	SATEM	Satellite-observed wind and total precipitable water from NOAA satellites