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| Mitigation strategy | Option | Remarks |
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| Appropriate materials | Use of corrosion resistant alloys, non-metallic materials like Reinforced composite, thermoplastic-lined and polyethylene pipelines. Consider use of internally coated carbon steel pipeline systems (i.e., nylon or epoxy coated) with an engineered joining system. | (i) Non-metallic materials may be used as a liner or a free standing pipeline depending on the service conditions.
(ii) Selection of appropriate material at construction and major refurbishment stage is necessary. |
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| Chemical treatment | Corrosion inhibitors, biocides, oxygen scavengers, gas blanketing, vacuum deaeration | (i) The presence of small amounts of oxygen (parts per billion) or bacteria will accelerate corrosion.
(ii) Provides a barrier between corrosive elements and the pipe surface |
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| Coating and lining | Organic Coatings, metallic coatings, lining, cladding | Useful for internal and external corrosion prevention |
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| Cathodic protection | Sacrificial anodes, impressed current systems, hybrid system | Need ability to monitor performance on-line. |
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| Process control | Identify key parameters: pH, temperature, pressure, Flow rate, water chemistry, pH, chlorides, dissolved metals, bacteria, suspended solids, chlorine, oxygen, and chemical residuals | (i) Changes in operating conditions will influence the corrosion potential. Production information can be used to assess corrosion susceptibility based on fluid velocity and corrosivity
(ii) Trends in dissolved metal concentration (i.e., Fe, Mn) can indicate changes in corrosion activity |
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| Design detailing | Ensure ease of access and replacement:
(i) Install valves that allow for effective isolation of pipeline segments from the rest of the system
(ii) Install binds for effective isolation of in-active pipeline segments | Allows the effective suspension and discontinuation of pipeline segments:
(i) Removes potential “deadlegs” from the gathering system
(ii) Develop shut-in guidelines for the timing of required steps to isolate and lay up pipelines in each system |
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