Characteristics and Prevalence of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA)

<table>Mean GAD autoantibodies levels in different types of diabetes. Black square: significantly lower GAD autoantibodies levels in <i>type 2 diabetes</i> as compared to <i>type 1 diabetes</i>, LADA, and undiagnosed patients (<svg height="11.25" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.150002 11.25" width="56.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑃</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.890113" y="0">&lt;</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">0</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.182001" y="0">.</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0">0</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.559254" y="0">5</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>). Black circle: significantly higher GAD autoantibodies levels in LADA as compared to <i>type 1 diabetes</i> and <i>type 2 diabetes</i> (<svg height="11.25" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.150002 11.25" width="56.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑃</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.890113" y="0">&lt;</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">0</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.182001" y="0">.</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0">0</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.559254" y="0">5</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>). Black triangle: significantly higher GAD autoantibodies levels in undiagnosed patients as compared to <i>type 1 diabetes</i> (<svg height="11.0625" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.150002 11.0625" width="56.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0625)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.15)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑃</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.890113" y="0">&lt;</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">0</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.182001" y="0">.</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0">0</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.559254" y="0">1</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>) and <i>type 2 diabetes</i> (<svg height="11.25" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.150002 11.25" width="56.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑃</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.890113" y="0">&lt;</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">0</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.182001" y="0">.</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0">0</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.559254" y="0">5</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>). (+) indicates presence of GAD auto antibodies. (−) indicates absence of GAD auto antibodies.</table>

International Scholarly Research Notices

fig7

Figure 7

Figure 7: Characteristics and Prevalence of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) 