Clinical Study
Cutaneous Manifestations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis
Table 1
The causes of ESRD and cutaneous manifestations in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
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Dermatological manifestations | Total | HTN | DM | CGN | CIN | Others | | (100%) | (52.4%) | (25.9%) | (10.5%) | (4.9%) | (6.3%) |
| | Skin changes | | | | | | | | Pruritus | 81 (56.6) | 43 | 21 | 9 | 2 | 6 | | Xerosis | 74 (51.7) | 38 | 22 | 4 | 4 | 6 | | Pigmentation | 56 (39.4) | 15 | 26 | 9 | 2 | 2 | | Fungal | 39 (27.2) | 15 | 17 | 4 | 1 | 2 | | Bacterial | 21 (14.6) | 15 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | | Viral | 17 (11.2) | 11 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | | Acne | 14 (9.7) | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | | Kyrles | 10 (6.9) | 3 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | Eczema | 7 (4.8) | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | | Psoriasis | 4 (2.7) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Drug rash | 3 (2.1) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| | Nail Changes | | | | | | | | Discoloration | 13 (9.09) | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Onychomycosis | 27 (18.88) | 10 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 1 | | Onycholysis | 3 (2.10) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | Hair and mucosal changes | | | | | | | | Splinter hemorrhages | 3 (2.10) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | | Hair changes | 31 (21.7) | 17 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 0 | | Mucosa | 39 (27.3) | 20 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
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HTN: hypertension, DM: diabetes mellitus, CGN: chronic glomerular nephritis, CIN: chronic interstitial nephritis.
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