Risk Perceptions of Environmental Hazards and Human Reproduction: A Community-Based Survey

Table 3

Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations between sociodemographic variables and whether respondents considered hazards to be harmful or very harmful to reproduction.

	Sample	Pesticides	Household chemicals and paints	Radiation (e.g., pylons, microwaves, phone masts)	Cosmetics and hair colours	Animal borne diseases
	(%)	AOR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Gender (𝑛=1261)
Male	50.4	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref
Female	49.6	2.04 (1.48–2.83)*	2.32 (1.81–2.98)*	1.52 (1.22–1.90)*	1.78 (1.38–2.30)*	2.25 (1.78–2.85)*
Age group (𝑛=1251)
18–34	13.2	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref
35–44	17.3	2.44 (1.41–4.21)*	1.67 (1.06–2.61)*	1.36 (0.89–2.07)	1.40 (0.85–2.30)	0.88 (0.57–1.37)
45–54	23.1	3.27 (1.98–5.41)*	1.65 (1.09–2.49)*	1.53 (1.04–2.27)*	1.41 (0.88–2.25)	1.07 (0.71–1.61)
55–64	22.4	3.71 (2.19–6.31)*	1.79 (1.15–2.78)	1.54 (1.01–2.33)*	1.59 (0.97–2.59)	1.01 (0.66–1.56)
65+	24.0	2.80 (1.69–4.64)*	1.25 (0.81–1.93)	1.11 (0.73–1.68)	1.19 (0.72–1.96)	0.77 (0.50–1.18)
Place of residence (𝑛=1257)
City	52.0	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref
Town	25.5	1.06 (0.72–1.54)	1.01 (0.75–1.36)	1.09 (0.83–1.43)	1.15 (0.85–1.56)	0.98 (0.74–1.30)
Rural	22.2	1.11 (0.74–1.68)	1.06 (0.77–1.44)	1.34 (1.01–1.78)*	1.15 (0.84–1.58)	0.99 (0.74–1.33)
Children in the household (𝑛=1258)
No	64.6	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref	1.00 Ref
Yes	35.2	1.71 (1.13–2.59)*	1.11 (0.81–1.54)	0.96 (0.71–1.29)	0.89 (0.63–1.26)	1.02 (0.75–1.40)

Note. each odds ratio is adjusted for all other variables in the table; no response given to age 𝑛=10 (0.8%), place or residence 𝑛=4 (0.3%), and children in the household 𝑛=3 (0.2%); *𝑃<0.05.