Thermal Expansion Behaviour of Ternary Nickel-Based, Cobalt-Based, and Iron-Based Alloys Containing Very High Fractions of Carbides

Table 3

Thermal expansion coefficients measured on the dilatometry curves, deformation at 𝑇 reaching 1200°C, deformation and total deformation values after the 1200°C-isothermal stage (Δ𝜀_1200%) and after return to 100°C (Δ𝜀_100%)—iron-based alloys.

Temperature (°C)	Average linear thermal expansion coefficient (×10^−6°C^−1)
	Fe-30Cr-2.5C	Fe-30Cr-3.0C	Fe-30Cr-3.5C
Average 𝛼 1 (10^−6 K^−1)	17.8	15.2	15.7
𝑇 range for 𝛼 1	230–725°C	200–800°C	200–800°C
Contraction 𝑇 range	808–886°C	798–837°C	780–821°C
Average 𝛼 2 (10^−6 K^−1)	24.5	21.5	13.9
𝑇 range for 𝛼 2	870–995°C	870–1170°C	820–1185°C
𝜀1200% end heating	1.996	1.578	1.422
𝜀1200% start cooling	1.720	1.537	1.366
Total Δ𝜀1200%	−0.276	−0.041	−0.056
Total Δ𝜀100%	+0.336	+0.166	−0.223