Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Urocanic Acid Derivatives in Models Ex Vivo and In Vivo of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Figure 2
(a) Body weight change during the DSS experiment. Positive control (open circles), treated with the imidazoles (each 0.85 mmol/kg, squares), and treated with the ethyl esters (each 0.425 mmol/kg, canted squares). (b) The monitoring of drinking water consumption during days 4 to 7 of the DSS experiment. Positive control (open circles), treated with the imidazoles (each 0.85 mmol/kg, squares), and treated with the ethyl esters (each 0.425 mmol/kg, canted squares). (c) DSS treatment raises the colonic weight/length ratio. Anti-inflammatory effects will lower the ratio. Colon weight was taken in milligram (mg) and colon length in cm. Pos. control: positive control, the group of mice that only administered PBS intraperitoneally, Im: imidazoles, imidazole-4-carboxylic acid, and imidazole-4-acetic acid in PBS by i.p. injection, Et: ethyl esters, ethyl imidazole-4-carboxylate, and ethyl imidazole-4-acetate in PBS by i.p. injection. (Mann-Whitney), however, (Kruskal-Wallis). (d) Disease activity index (DAI), built up from the scores of stool consistency, blood in stool, and categorized weight loss (see Section 2 and (c) for abbreviations).
