Characteristics of Multidrug Resistant Shigella and Vibrio cholerae O1 Infections in Patients Treated at an Urban and a Rural Hospital in Bangladesh

Table 4

Sociodemographic and clinical factors among patients with shigellosis, by drug resistance status, Matlab, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), 2000–2012.

Indicators	Multidrug resistant 𝑛=552 (%)	Susceptible 𝑛=188 (%)	OR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
Male sex	297 (54)	95 (51)	1.14 (0.81, 1.61)	—
Monthly family income ≥100 USD	257 (47)	79 (42)	1.20 (0.85, 1.70)	—
Nonsanitary latrine	486 (88)	165 (88)	1.03 (0.60, 1.75)	—
Not treated water	544 (99)	186 (99)	0.73 (0.11, 3.75)	—
Vomiting	273 (50)	99 (53)	0.88 (0.62, 1.24)	—
Abdominal pain	370 (67)	130 (69)	0.91 (0.62, 1.32)	—
Fever (≥38°C)	132 (24)	51 (27)	0.84 (0.57, 1.25)	—
Bloody or mucoid stool	425 (77)	126 (67)	1.65 (1.13, 2.40)*	1.23 (0.80, 1.87)
Frequency of stool (>10/day)	230 (42)	77 (41)	1.03 (0.73, 1.46)	—
Duration of diarrhea (>24 hours)	373 (68)	107 (57)	1.58 (1.11, 2.25)*	1.35 (0.92, 1.99)
Duration of stay in hospital >24 hrs	216 (40)	57 (31)	1.51 (1.04, 2.18)*	1.79 (1.23, 2.62)*
Some or severe dehydration	108 (20)	53 (28)	0.62 (0.42, 0.92)*	0.69 (0.45, 1.06)
Use of intravenous saline for rehydration	24 (4)	9 (5)	0.90 (0.39, 2.14)	—
Use of antimicrobials at home	33 (60)	88 (47)	1.73 (1.22, 2.45)*	1.48 (1.03, 2.12)*
Red blood cell (1 to >50)	509 (93)	154 (82)	2.80 (1.65, 4.73)*	2.12 (0.85, 5.43)
Faecal leukocyte (11 to >50)	527 (96)	166 (89)	3.17 (1.62, 6.22)*	1.78 (0.66, 4.85)
Macrophage (1 to 10)	451 (82)	136 (73)	1.74 (1.16, 2.62)*	0.92 (0.51, 1.65)

^∗𝑃<0.05.
aOR: adjusted odds ratio.