Indications and Efficacy of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy in the ICU: Have They Changed Since Its Introduction in Clinical Practice?

Table 1

Demographic characteristics and diagnosis of included patients.

	𝑛 = 84
Age, years ± SD	48.6 ± 17
M/F (%)	57/45 (44/56)
SAPS 3 ± SD	54 ± 13
Primary diagnosis at RICU admission, no. (%)
Respiratory failure: pneumonia	38 (45)
Respiratory failure: others*	15 (18)
Neurologic/neuromuscular impairment	10 (12)
Septic shock	9 (11)
Cardiac failure	7 (8)
Hemorrhagic shock	2 (2.3)
Hemoptysis	2 (2.3)
Acute renal failure	1 (1.2)

SD: standard deviation; M/F: male/female; SAPS: simplified acute physiology score; RICU: respiratory intensive care unit.
*Includes obstructive upper airway disease and hypercapnic respiratory failure.