The Role of Neurotransmitters in Protection against Amyloid-β Toxicity by KiSS-1 Overexpression in SH-SY5Y Neurons

Figure 13

Model for KiSS-1 gene overexpression neuroprotective mechanisms against amyloid-β toxicity. KP: kisspeptin; KSO: kissorphin; KP234: kisspeptin receptor antagonist; GPR54: kisspeptin receptor; RF9: neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist; NPFFR1/2: neuropeptide FF receptors 1 and 2; Anti-KP: anti-kisspeptin 45–54 antiserum; Aβ: amyloid-β; OT: oxytocin; VP: vasopressin; atosiban: oxytocin/vasopressin receptor antagonist; OTR: oxytocin receptor; VPR: vasopressin receptor; COX-1/2: cyclooxygenase 1 and 2; PG’s: prostaglandins; and SC-560: cyclooxygenase 1 antagonist.