Crosstalk between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Protein Misfolding in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Table 1

Clinical and pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases.

Disease	Main clinical features	Affected brain region	Protein	Localization of aggregates/inclusions
Alzheimer's disease (AD)	Progressive dementia	Hippocampus	A𝛽	Extracellular
		Cerebral cortex	Tau	Cytoplasmatic
Parkinson's disease (AD)	Movement disorder	Substantia nigra	𝛼Syn	Cytoplasmatic
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)	Movement disorder	Motor cortex; Brainstem	SOD1; FUS; TDP-43; VAPB	Cytoplasmatic
Huntington’s disease (HD)	Motor and psychiatric problems, dementia	Striatum; Cerebral cortex	HTT	Cytoplasmatic; Nuclear
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE)	Dementia, ataxia, psychiatric problems, or insomnia	Various regions	Prion	Extracellular

A𝛽: amyloid-𝛽; 𝛼Syn: 𝛼-synuclein; HTT: huntingtin; SOD1: Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase; FUS: fused in sarcoma; TDP-43: transactive response DNA-binding protein-43;VAPB: vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B.